管道(dao)浮筒(tong)在多(duo)個領(ling)域(yu)中(zhong)都有(you)廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong),主(zhu)要包括(kuo)以(yi)下(xia)幾個(ge)方面:
海洋(yang)工(gong)程(cheng):在海(hai)洋(yang)油(you)氣開發(fa)中(zhong),管道(dao)浮筒(tong)用(yong)於懸(xuan)浮海(hai)底(di)輸油(you)管道(dao),通(tong)過(guo)調(tiao)節(jie)浮力(li)抵消(xiao)管道(dao)自(zi)重,防(fang)止(zhi)管道(dao)因(yin)重力作用(yong)沈(chen)入海底(di)導致(zhi)結構變(bian)形(xing)。例(li)如,在深(shen)海油(you)田項(xiang)目中(zhong),采用(yong)高(gao)密(mi)度(du)聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)材質(zhi)的(de)浮筒(tong),單(dan)個體(ti)積達5立(li)方米,可(ke)承(cheng)受水深1500米的(de)水壓,確保(bao)輸油(you)管道(dao)在復(fu)雜海(hai)況(kuang)下(xia)保(bao)持穩(wen)定(ding)。此(ci)外(wai),在跨(kua)海大橋的(de)建設中(zhong),管道(dao)浮筒(tong)幫(bang)助橋梁基礎(chu)結構的(de)沈(chen)放與定(ding)位(wei),保(bao)障(zhang)施(shi)工(gong)期間的(de)安全與(yu)效率(lv)。
水利工程(cheng):在河(he)流(liu)、湖泊(bo)等(deng)水域(yu)的(de)水利工程(cheng)中(zhong),浮筒(tong)被用(yong)來(lai)支(zhi)撐(cheng)輸水管道(dao),避(bi)免(mian)管道(dao)直(zhi)接與水底(di)接觸(chu)可能帶來的(de)腐蝕問題(ti),並便(bian)於管道(dao)的(de)維護(hu)與(yu)檢修。例(li)如,黃(huang)河(he)某段(duan)輸水管道(dao)采(cai)用(yong)分(fen)段(duan)式(shi)浮筒(tong)設計,每(mei)間隔30米安裝壹組浮筒(tong),有(you)效降低(di)汛期急(ji)流(liu)對(dui)管道(dao)的(de)橫向剪切力。
環保(bao)領(ling)域(yu):在汙(wu)水處(chu)理廠出水管道(dao)中(zhong),浮筒(tong)用(yong)於保(bao)持排(pai)放口(kou)始(shi)終(zhong)維(wei)持在距(ju)水面壹(yi)定(ding)高度(du),避免(mian)底(di)部(bu)淤(yu)泥(ni)堆積(ji)和油(you)汙(wu)上(shang)浮汙(wu)染(ran)水體(ti)。例(li)如,某沿(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)市(shi)汙(wu)水處(chu)理廠的(de)排放管道(dao)采(cai)用(yong)玻(bo)璃鋼材質(zhi)的(de)浮筒(tong),直徑1.2米,中(zhong)空結構內填(tian)充(chong)發(fa)泡材料(liao)。
液(ye)化(hua)天(tian)然(ran)氣運輸:在液(ye)化(hua)天(tian)然(ran)氣(LNG)運輸中(zhong),低(di)溫(wen)浮筒(tong)需滿(man)足-162℃的(de)工作(zuo)環(huan)境(jing)要求。例(li)如,某LNG接(jie)收站(zhan)采用(yong)的(de)鋁(lv)合金浮筒(tong),表(biao)面(mian)進行(xing)陽(yang)極氧化(hua)處(chu)理,內部(bu)設(she)置多(duo)層(ceng)隔熱(re)結構,不僅(jin)提供穩(wen)定(ding)浮力(li),還能阻(zu)隔低(di)溫(wen)傳(chuan)導(dao)。
江(jiang)河(he)湖泊(bo)疏浚(jun)工(gong)程(cheng):在江(jiang)河(he)湖泊(bo)的(de)疏浚(jun)工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong),浮筒(tong)用(yong)於支(zhi)撐(cheng)抽(chou)沙(sha)管道(dao)。例(li)如,長(chang)江(jiang)航(hang)道(dao)維(wei)護(hu)工(gong)程(cheng)使(shi)用(yong)直(zhi)徑800毫米的(de)鋼制(zhi)浮筒(tong),通(tong)過(guo)調(tiao)節(jie)浮筒(tong)間距控(kong)制(zhi)管道(dao)撓(nao)度,提高抽(chou)沙(sha)效率(lv)並降(jiang)低(di)管道(dao)磨損(sun)率(lv)。
城(cheng)市(shi)給(gei)排水系統(tong):隨著(zhe)城(cheng)市化(hua)的(de)推進,管道(dao)浮筒(tong)在城(cheng)市給排水系統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)也(ye)日益增(zeng)多(duo)。它們(men)不僅(jin)幫(bang)助管道(dao)跨(kua)越(yue)河(he)流(liu)、湖泊(bo)等(deng)自(zi)然障(zhang)礙,還(hai)在洪(hong)澇災害發(fa)生(sheng)時確保(bao)給排(pai)水系統(tong)的(de)正常(chang)運(yun)行。
近(jin)海養殖場:在近(jin)海養殖場中(zhong),浮筒(tong)用(yong)於保(bao)持給(gei)排水系統(tong)的(de)管道(dao)水平。例(li)如,某鮑魚養殖基地采(cai)用(yong)食品(pin)級聚(ju)乙(yi)烯(xi)浮筒(tong),通(tong)過(guo)模(mo)壓成型(xing)技(ji)術(shu)制(zhi)作而(er)成。